Dementia often brings about changes in the brain that affect not only memory but also a person’s ability to think clearly, make sound decisions, and control their behavior. One of the lesser-known impacts of dementia, especially in the early stages, is the increased likelihood of erratic behavior. This can manifest as unpredictable choices or impulsive actions that would be unusual for the person prior to the onset of dementia.
Understanding Erratic Behavior in Dementia
Erratic behavior in dementia stems from changes in the brain’s ability to regulate emotions and process information. Dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia, affects the prefrontal cortex — the part of the brain responsible for judgment, planning, and impulse control. As dementia progresses, individuals may make decisions that are out of character, sometimes ignoring risks or consequences that they previously would have carefully considered.
Impact on Decision-Making
- Impaired Judgment and Risk Evaluation
Individuals with dementia may find it difficult to assess risks or foresee the outcomes of their actions. This could lead them to make unsafe choices, such as leaving doors unlocked or mishandling medications. - Difficulty Following Logical Steps
Everyday decisions, like managing finances or remembering appointments, often require a step-by-step process that dementia disrupts. A person may begin the process but forget how to finish it. As a result, someone with dementia may make financial mistakes, such as overpaying bills or falling victim to scams. - Emotional Reactivity and Impulsivity
Dementia can lead to a heightened emotional response, making individuals more susceptible to making decisions based on fleeting emotions rather than rational thought. For instance, they might become easily frustrated or anxious and make impulsive choices without considering alternatives.
Helping Loved Ones Make Decisions
Supporting a loved one with dementia through decision-making involves creating a safe environment and encouraging simplified choices. Establishing routines, using reminders, and enlisting the help of professionals can also reduce the impact of dementia on important decisions. As dementia progresses, guardianship or power of attorney may be necessary to ensure that important decisions are made in their best interest.
Dementia’s impact on decision-making is a serious concern, especially as it leads to erratic behavior. By understanding these changes, caregivers and family members can take proactive steps to safeguard the well-being and safety of their loved ones. If you do not already have a care team in place, consider bringing in professional staff to help support your loved one and family. NursePartners’ team of certified nursing assistants are trained in dementia care and are ready to help: 610-323-9800.