Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, leading to a progressive decline in behavior, personality, language, and motor function. Unlike Alzheimer’s disease, which is more common in older adults, FTD often impacts individuals between 40 and 65, and research shows that it is slightly more prevalent in men than in women.
Why FTD Is More Common in Men
Several factors contribute to the higher prevalence of FTD in men. Genetic research has suggested that certain genetic mutations linked to FTD, such as in the C9ORF72, MAPT, and GRN genes, might be more commonly expressed or lead to more severe symptoms in men. Additionally, some studies have found that brain networks and functions disrupted by FTD may vary subtly between genders, with the behavioral and emotional changes often associated with the male presentation of the disease possibly resulting in earlier and more noticeable symptoms. Lifestyle differences, like higher reported rates of traumatic brain injuries in men, could also contribute to this gender disparity.
Symptoms of FTD
The symptoms of FTD vary by subtype, but the most common form, behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD), involves:
- Behavioral and Personality Changes: This includes increased impulsivity, social withdrawal, apathy, and inappropriate social behavior. Patients may struggle to understand social cues and exhibit compulsive or repetitive behaviors.
- Language Difficulties: Known as primary progressive aphasia (PPA), this subtype affects speech, reading, writing, and comprehension. Over time, affected individuals may have difficulty forming sentences or finding the right words.
- Motor Symptoms: In some cases, FTD can lead to physical symptoms similar to Parkinson’s disease, such as tremors, muscle stiffness, and balance issues.
Implications of FTD Prevalence in Men
The slightly higher prevalence of FTD in men highlights the importance of early detection, particularly when behavioral changes are involved. As symptoms of FTD can sometimes resemble psychiatric disorders, particularly in men, an accurate diagnosis is crucial for receiving appropriate treatment and support. Increased awareness of these gender differences may lead to better diagnostic and care approaches, helping families and caregivers better understand the progression of FTD and support loved ones affected by it.
Creating a Care Team
It is challenging to build a care team around someone living with FTD. This is often the case because the disease progresses rapidly, and the care recipient often rejects proactive actions to implement a care team. The challenges are compounded by their impulsivity and sometimes boots of aggression and eloping.
It is crucial that you involve a professional caregiving team as soon as possible. These individuals have core skills that allow them to meet the individual where they are currently and scale up services once trust has been established. Want to learn more? Call us at 610-323-9800.